PreOp® Hysterectomy Removal of the Uterus

Hysterectomy Removal of the Uterus Surgery - PreOp® Patient Education



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Your doctor has recommended that you have a hysterectomy. But what does that actually mean?



Hysterectomy is the removal of the uterus - the organ that holds and protects the fetus during pregnancy.



Hysterectomy often also involves the removal of other parts of the reproductive system, including the ovaries - where eggs are produced - the fallopian tubes which carry the eggs to the uterus and the cervix - or neck of the uterus.



There are many different reasons why a doctor may recommend this kind of surgery.



In many cases, disease or the growth of abnormal tissue will lead a doctor to recommend the removal of the uterus.



In some cases, unusually heavy menstrual flow and the accompanying discomfort may make hysterectomy an important treatment option for patient and physician to consider.



But no matter what the reason behind it, you should be aware that the removal of the uterus and other reproductive organs is a serious step and it can mean significant changes in your life.



After having a hysterectomy, you will not be able to have children and if your ovaries are removed as part of the procedure, you may even need to take medication to replace hormones that your body once produced on its own.



Your Procedure



On the day of your operation, you will be asked to put on a surgical gown.



You may receive a sedative by mouth and an intravenous line may be put in.



You will then be transferred to the operating table.



The anesthesiologist will begin to administer anesthesia - most probably general anesthesia.



The surgeon will then apply an antiseptic solution to the skin place a sterile drape around the operative site.



After allowing a few minutes for the anesthetic to take effect, your doctor will decide whether to make a vertical or horizontal incision.



An incision is made cutting through the skin and muscle of the abdomen.



Next, the surgeon will inspect the general condition of the abdominal organs.



Once the ovaries are exposed the uterus can then be separated from the bladder.



Next, the fallopian tubes are tied off and cut.



All arteries and veins connected to the uterus are tied off and cut as well.



Now the uterus can be pulled upward. This stretches the vagina



allowing the surgeon to cut the uterus free at the cervix.



The surgeon closes the top of the vagina with stitches,



and provides added support by attaching the ligaments that once held the uterus in place.



The incision is then closed and a drainage tube may be left inserted at the site.



Finally, a sterile bandage is applied.



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Vaginal Hysterectomy Surgery PreOp® Patient Education and Patient Engagement

PreOp® Vaginal Hysterectomy Surgery

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Your doctor has recommended a procedure, vaginal hysterectomy, to remove your uterus. 

This video is intended to help you understand this surgical treatment option. 

To start let’s review some information about your body.

The uterus is in the lowest part of the abdomen, between the hips.

 It is where a baby grows in a pregnant woman.

The cervix is the bottom of the uterus and connects it to the vagina. The cervix is also called the neck of the uterus.

The ovaries and fallopian tubes attach to the top of the uterus.  These structures are all are part of the female reproductive system, and are needed for a woman to naturally make a baby.

To better understand some of the risks of this surgery, notice that the bladder is directly in front of the cervix and vagina.

Looking at a side view of the body you can see that the uterus is behind the bladder and at the top of the vagina.

Ureters, are also next to the uterus.  They are delicate tubes that fill the bladder with urine.

The rectum is behind the vagina, it is the lowest part of your bowel.

A supracervical or partial hysterectomy is surgery to remove the uterus above the cervix.

A total hysterectomy removes the whole uterus and cervix. 

After, the ovaries and tubes are held in place by their own ligaments.

Removing an ovary is called an oophorectomy, and removing a tube is called a salpingectomy.

One or both ovaries and tubes can be removed during a hysterectomy procedure.

About 1 of 3 women have had a hysterectomy by age 60.

This number is dropping because of conservative treatment options available today.

Most conditions that can lead to a hysterectomy are not cancer, they include,

painful and/or heavy vaginal bleeding that is disrupting daily life



uterine fibroids, benign tumors of the uterus and



endometriosis, a serious cause of pelvic pain in women.



Non-invasive treatment options that may be recommended for some problems are

watch and wait, also called expectant management,



changes to diet and exercise to improve overall health



and medications to control pain, or to stop or lighten periods.



Less invasive procedures than a hysterectomy may be considered for some problems and include

endometrial ablation to treat heavy periods, a procedure that destroys the lining of the uterus



uterine artery embolization (say em-bow-liz-A-shun), used to shrink large fibroids



myomectomy to cut out fibroids and save the uterus, and



laparoscopy to look, find and treat the reason for the pain.



Removing one or both of your ovaries and tubes can be planned as part of your procedure if you have endometriosis, a known cyst or mass on your ovary, or to lower your future risk of ovarian cancer.

Unplanned removal of a tube and ovary may be necessary during surgery because

an ovary has an unexpected cyst or mass



there are adhesions making it stuck to the uterus



or there is bleeding that makes it impossible to save.



After a hysterectomy

pregnancy is not possible



you may have less estrogen, even if you keep your ovaries



you will be in menopause if the ovaries are removed.



There are three types of minimally invasive hysterectomy procedures:

 vaginal,...laparoscopic,.... and laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy also known as LAVH ( say letters L-A-V-H). 

All of these options use smaller incisions, not a classic large incision.

A vaginal hysterectomy removes the uterus and cervix through an incision in the vagina.

There are no skin incisions so recovery can be faster. There tends to be less bleeding and fewer complications than with other procedures to remove the uterus.

Sometimes a larger, open incision in your abdomen is needed for unexpected bleeding or other findings.

If this happens your hospital stay and recovery will be longer than originally planned.

Each way of removing the uterus has its own risks and benefits.

With all minimally invasive surgery the recovery is typically shorter with less pain than if an open surgery is needed. 



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